Haemaphysalis longicornis as an invasive tick species in West Virginia

Abstract

Ixodid (Acari:Ixodidae) ticks are found throughout West Virginia and are vectors for many different diseases. The Asian longhorn tick (ALT) is an invasive tick species that has rapidly expanded its range in the United States since its discovery in West Virginia in 2010. This species is capable of reproducing via parthenogenesis, allowing females to reproduce rapidly without a mate. To test our hypothesis that ALT is displacing and competing with native tick species and increasing its geographic range, we compared species population trends using past and current surveillance data collected from multiple sites in North Central West Virginia. Our research examines this tick species' spread both nationally and more specifically in West Virginia, with a focus on Upshur County and surrounding areas. The rapid reproductive abilities and environmental adaptability of ALT are potential contributors to the population's spread. Our research indicates that this tick species is widespread in the North Central WV region, and we believe it will continue to increase its geographic range. In the future, continued monitoring in both the U.S. and West Virginia is critical to assess the impact on public and animal health.