Osteological analysis of 3D printed skeletal remains.

Abstract

Analysis of skeletal remains allows researchers to learn about an individual, their way of life, and possible cause of death. After remains are repatriated or cremated we are limited in our ability to learn about that individual. Researchers now are digitizing skeletal remains allowing for more research opportunities once the skeleton is no longer available. Medical CT scanners capture internal and external morphology within 0.01mm accuracy. The purpose of this study was to reanalyze and reconstruct a young skeleton conserved via CT scanner. The CT data was extracted and converted into a 3D file using InVesalius, then edited in 3DBuilder. Editing consisted of removing background noise and the CT bed. Bones were then 3D printed on a ZPrinter 310 Plus composite 3D printer for analysis. Available skull bone fragments were reconstructed to assist with the skeletal analysis. Standard osteometric and anthroposcopic techniques were used on the remains. Preliminary results suggest the skeleton is very young based on formation of deciduous and adult teeth. Sex of the individual will be determined using mandibular shape as the individual was young and the pelvis is not present. Limited axial skeletal fragments and one appendicular skeletal fragment will make the osteological analysis very difficult.